2024 Onward

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/1807/137390

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Determining Cold Strain in Cold Air: A Comparison of Two Methods of Partitional Calorimetry to Calculate Heat Storage and Debt in Cold Air with Mild hypothermia
(Canadian Science Publishing, 2024-08-01) Wallace, Phillip; Hartley, Geoff; Cheung, Stephen S
We compared two methods of partitional calorimetry to calculate heat storage and heat debt during cold air (0°C) exposure causing mild core cooling. Twelve participants performed a 5-min baseline in thermoneutral conditions (~22.0°C, ~50% relative humidity) followed by cold air exposure (~0°C) until rectal temperature was reduced by ∆-0.5°C. Partitional calorimetry was used to calculate avenues of heat exchange (radiative, convective, and evaporative), heat storage, and heat debt continuously throughout cold exposure. We compared deriving these variables using prediction equations based on environmental and participant characteristics (PCALPRED) versus using measurement tools such as humidity sensors and heat flux discs (PCALHF). There were significant differences between methods (all p ≤ 0.001) for determining heat exchange, heat storage, and heat debt. At ∆-0.5°C, PCALHF had greater levels of radiative and convective heat exchange (PCALHF: -143.0 ± 16.8 W∙m2 vs PCALPRED: -123.0 ± 12.9 W∙m2, p ≤ 0.001), evaporative heat exchange (PCALHF: -9.0 ± 1.7 W∙m2 vs PCALPRED: -4.1 ± 0.0 W∙m2, p ≤ 0.001), heat storage (PCALHF: -15.0 ± 31.0 W∙m2 vs PCALPRED: +6.0 ± 25.9 W∙m2, p = 0.020), and heat debt (PCALHF: -692.0 ± 315.0 kJ vs PCALPRED: -422.0 ± 136.0 kJ, p ≤ 0.001). Overall, this study found the largest discrepancies between the two methods was when the environmental conditions and skin temperature were in high flux, as well as when core temperature was reduced by ∆-0.5°C. The use of PCALHF may be more advantageous to use in the cold to provide a higher resolution measurement of cold strain.
An exploratory investigation of heart rate and heart rate variability responses to daylong heat exposure in young and older adults
(Canadian Science Publishing, 2024-09-08) Carrillo, Andres E; Meade, Robert D.; Herry, Christophe; Seely, Andrew; Kenny, Glen P.
Heart rate variability (HRV) has shown potential as a tool for monitoring thermal strain, but there is limited data to support its efficacy in older adults during prolonged heat exposures. We compared HRV between young (19-31 years, n=20) and older (61-78 years, n=39) adults during 9 hours of heat exposure (40°C, 9% RH). We also explored whether heart rate (HR) and/or HRV could be used to distinguish older adults who achieved elevated thermal strain, defined as either 1) an increase in core temperature >1.0°C (occurring in 39% [15/39]) or 2) a reduction in systolic blood pressure >10 mm Hg (occurring in 67% [26/39]). Percentage of age-predicted maximal HR and percentage of heart rate reserve (HRR) were higher, whereas standard deviation of normal RR intervals (SDNN), the square root of the mean of squared differences between successive RR intervals (RMSSD), high frequency power (HF), and cardiac vagal index (CVI) were lower in older compared to young adults (P≤0.004) during heat exposure. In older adults, increases in core temperature were correlated with percentage of age-predicted maximal HR, percentage of HRR, RMSSD, and CVI (P≤0.031), whereas changes in systolic blood pressure were not significantly associated with HR or HRV indices (P≤0.327). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated that HR and HRV indices had generally poor ability to identify older adults with elevated thermal strain (area under the curve ≤0.65). Age-related differences in HRV, consistent with vagal withdrawal among older adults, remained during daylong heat exposure, but marked heterogeneity of response likely contributed to HRV providing limited discriminatory value in identifying changes in core temperature or blood pressure in older adults.
Contributions to forearm desaturation during transient ischemia in healthy adult males and females across the lifespan
(Canadian Science Publishing, 2024-09-19) Perlet, Michael R.; Traylor, Miranda K.; Ransom, Kyndall V.; Batman, Genevieve B.; Hill, Ethan C.; Weir, Joseph; Keller, Joshua
This study investigated skeletal muscle tissue oxygenation (StO2) desaturation in males and females across the adult lifespan. One-hundred-two individuals (51 females) of 41 young, 34 midlife, and 27 older adults completed a vascular occlusion test with near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS+VOT). This included five minutes of arterial occlusion, inducing transient ischemia in the forearm flexor muscle group while recording StO2. The magnitude of desaturation (StO2mag) was quantified as the difference between baseline StO2 and the minimum StO2 value observed during ischemia. The rate of desaturation was also examined. Forearm adipose tissue thickness (ATT), forearm lean mass, and handgrip muscular strength were measured. A p ≤ 0.05 was considered significant. Two-way between factor ANOVAs indicated that males exhibited significantly (p
Exploring contexts for using digital food retail services in Canada: A qualitative study
(Canadian Science Publishing, 2024-09-12) Fernandez, Melissa Anne; Dugan, Jessica; Raine, Kim D.
This study aimed to understand contexts for buying food online with food delivery apps, meal kits, and online grocers in Canada. A total of 34 participants (24% identified as men) between the ages of 16 and 60 were interviewed over the phone. The participants were recruited through personal and professional networks, electronic word of mouth, and paid social media ads. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and thematic analysis was used to generate major themes: convenience, food literacy, and cost-effectiveness. Convenience was multifaceted, including protecting time, minimizing food preparation effort, and facilitating food access (without a vehicle, during illness and isolation, during bad weather, with mobility challenges, or while consuming drugs or alcohol). It was found that regardless of age, gender, or lifestyle, the contexts for using digital food retail services were similar. These services made food acquisition and preparation easier; however, the benefits may be at the detriment to food literacy. The added value that digital food retail services provided made up for any additional costs. This study highlighted the need for public health practitioners to consider different facets of convenience and the added value that digital food retail services offer when making healthy food shopping and preparation recommendations. Additionally, further investigation into the impacts of digital food retail on food literacy is warranted. Results from this study will be integrated into a larger survey exploring the relationship between online food purchasing behaviors and diet quality among Canadians.
The effect of foot immersion and neck cooling on cardiac autonomic function in older adults exposed to indoor overheating : a randomized crossover trial
(Canadian Science Publishing, 2024-08-02) McCourt, Emma Rebecca; Meade, Robert D.; Richards, Brodie J.; Koetje, Nicholas J.; Santucci, Nicholas B.; McCormick, James J.; Boulay, Pierre; Sigal, Ronald J; Kenny, Glen P.
Foot immersion and neck cooling are recommended cooling strategies for protecting heat-vulnerable persons during heat waves. While we recently showed that these strategies do not limit core temperature increases in older adults during prolonged heat exposure, we did observe small reductions in heart rate. Expanding on these findings, we examined the effects of foot immersion with and without neck cooling on cardiac autonomic function. Seventeen adults (9 females; 65-81 years) underwent 3 randomized, 6-hour exposures to 38°C and 35% relative humidity with: no cooling (control), foot immersion (20°C water), or foot immersion with a wet towel (20°C) around the neck. Cardiac autonomic responses were measured at baseline and end-exposure. These included heart rate variability, cardiac and systolic blood pressure responses to standing, indexed via the 30:15 ratio and supine-to-standing systolic pressure change, respectively, and baroreflex sensitivity during repeated sit-to-stand maneuvers. The 30:15 ratio was 0.04 [95% CI: 0.01, 0.07] greater with foot immersion and neck cooling (1.08 (0.04)) relative to control (1.04 (0.06); P=0.018). Similarly, standing systolic pressure was elevated 9 [0, 17] mm Hg with foot immersion and neck cooling (P=0.043). That said, neither difference remained statistically significant after adjusting for multiplicity (Padjusted≥0.054). No differences in 30:15 ratio or standing systolic pressure were observed with foot immersion alone, while heart rate variability and baroreflex sensitivity were unaffected by either cooling intervention. While foot immersion with neck cooling potentially improved cardiac autonomic responses in older adults exposed to simulated indoor overheating, these effects were small and of questionable clinical importance.
Dietary Factors May Be Associated With Measures of Ultrasound-derived Skeletal Muscle Echo Intensity
(Canadian Science Publishing, 2024-08-19) Page, Joe; Scott, Georgia A; Aggett, James N; Stebbings, Georgina K; Kilduff, Liam; Murphy, Caoileann H; Waldron, Mark; Heffernan, Shane M
Skeletal muscle echo intensity (EI) is affected by ageing and physical activity; however, the effects of nutrition are less understood. The aim of this study was to explore whether habitual nutrient intake may be associated with ultrasound-derived EI. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) models were trained on an initial sample (n=100, M=45; F=55; 38±15 years) to predict EI of two quadriceps muscles from 19 variables, using the ‘jack-knife’ function within the ‘pls’ package (RStudio), which was then tested in an additional dataset (n= 30, M=13; F=17; 38±16 years). EI was determined using B-mode ultrasonography of the rectus femoris (RF) and vastus lateralis (VL) and nutritional intake determined via three-day weighed food diaries. Mean daily intake of specific nutrients were included as predictor variables with age, sex and self-reported physical activity. PLSR training model 1 explained ~52% and model 2 ~46% of the variance in RF and VL EI, respectively. Model 1 also explained ~35% and model 2 ~30% of the variance in RF and VL EI in the additional testing dataset. Age and biological sex were associated with EI in both models (P
Effects of intensified training with insufficient recovery on joint level and single muscle fibre mechanical function: The role of myofibrillar Ca2+ sensitivity
(Canadian Science Publishing, 2024-08-05) Roussel, Olivia P.; Pignanelli, Christopher; Hubbard, Emma F.; Coates, Alexandra M; Cheng, Arthur; Burr, Jamie F; Power, Geoffrey Alonzo
Intense exercise training with insufficient recovery time is associated with reductions in neuromuscular performance. However, it is unclear how single muscle fibre mechanical function and myofibrillar Ca2+ sensitivity contribute to these impairments. We investigated the effects of overload training on joint-level neuromuscular performance and cellular-level mechanical function. Fourteenathletes (4 female, 10 male) underwent a 3-week intensified training protocol consisting of up to 150% of their regular training hours with three additional high-intensity training sessions per week. Neuromuscular performance of the knee extensors was assessed via maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) force, electrically evoked twitch contractions, and a force-frequency relationship. Muscle biopsies were taken from the vastus lateralis to assess single fibre mechanical function. Neither MVC force nor twitch parameters were altered following training (all p>0.05), but a rightward shift in the force-frequency curve was observed with average reduction in force of 6-27% across frequencies 5-20Hz (all p
Exploring the Ergogenic Potential of Carbohydrate-Caffeine Combined Mouth Rinse on Exercise and Cognitive Performance: A Systematic Review
(Canadian Science Publishing, 2024-08-20) Poon, Eric Tsz-chun Tsz-Chun; Tsang, Jaclyn Hei; SUN, Feng-Hua; Ali, Ajmol A; Rollo, Ian; Wong, Stephen Heung-Sang
Carbohydrate (CHO) and caffeine (CAF) mouth rinsing have been independently reported to benefit sport performance. The proposed mechanisms by which mouth rinsing CHO exerts an influence are reported to be different to those for mouth rinsing CAF. However, the potential ergogenic effects of combining CHO and CAF in a single mouth rinse solution, are unclear. This study aimed to review the available evidence of CHO-CAF combined mouth rinse on exercise and cognitive performance in human participants. A systematic literature search was conducted using five databases until April 2024, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) recommendations. Among the nine randomized crossover studies included, only one study showed significant improvements in lower-body muscular endurance with CHO-CAF mouth rinse (effect size [ES]: 0.48; p
“But will they do it?” Challenging Assumptions and Incivility in the Academic Discourse on High Intensity Interval Training
(Canadian Science Publishing, 2024-06-23) Jung, Mary E; Santos, Alexandre; Martin Ginis, Kathleen
Debate over whether to promote high intensity interval training (HIIT) in public-health contexts has centred on assumptions that people will have negative psychological responses to HIIT, leading to poor adoption and adherence. We challenge these assumptions through reviews of (1) studies that have measured psychological responses to HIIT and (2) studies that have measured adherence to HIIT protocols in supervised or unsupervised settings. Overall, the evidence suggests HIIT is just as enjoyable as moderate intensity continuous (MICT) exercise. In supervised situations, on average, adherence is similarly high for HIIT and MICT (>89%). In unsupervised situations, adherence is lower for both HIIT and MICT (
The relationship between youth’s exposure to unhealthy digital food marketing and their dietary intake in Canada
(Canadian Science Publishing, 2024-08-23) Vergeer, Laura; Soto, Carolina; Bagnato, Mariangela; Pauzé, Elise; Amson, Ashley; Ramsay, Tim; Olstad, Dana Lee; Welch, Vivian; Potvin Kent, Monique
There is limited evidence on how exposure to digital marketing of unhealthy foods affects youth’s dietary behaviours. This study therefore aimed to examine the association between youth’s self-reported digital food marketing exposure and dietary intakes, and explore predictors of frequent unhealthy food consumption. A survey was conducted among 1075 youth in Canada (aged 10-17 years) in April 2023. Proportional odds models examined associations between frequency of exposure to digital marketing of unhealthy foods and frequency of consumption of those foods, adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics and digital device usage. Compared with participants reporting no exposure to digital fast-food marketing in the past week, those exposed ≥4 times per week were more likely to consume fast food more frequently. Youth exposed to digital marketing of sugary drinks and salty/savoury snacks ≥1 time(s) in the previous week were more likely to consume these foods on a greater number of days, compared with those reporting no exposure to this marketing in the past week. Reporting exposure to digital marketing of desserts/sweet treats every day or more than once a day was associated with more frequent consumption of desserts/sweet treats. Province of residence (Ontario/Quebec) and total daily time spent online predicted more frequent consumption of fast-food, sugary drinks, salty/savoury snacks and desserts/sweet treats. Overall, more frequent self-reported exposure to digital marketing of unhealthy foods is associated with more frequent consumption of these foods by Canadian youth. Regulations are needed to help protect youth from digital food marketing, which may help reduce their unhealthy food consumption.
Variability of cardiopulmonary exercise testing in patients with atrial fibrillation and determination of exercise responders to high-intensity interval training and moderate-to-vigorous intensity continuous training
(Canadian Science Publishing, 2024-07-03) Terada, Tasuku; Keir, Daniel A; Murias, Juan M; Vidal-Almela, Sol; Buckley, John; Reed, Jennifer L
Disabling atrial fibrillation (AF)-related symptoms and different testing settings may influence day-to-day cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) measurements, which can affect exercise prescription for high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-to-vigorous intensity continuous training (M-VICT) and their outcomes. This study examined the reliability of CPET in patients with AF and assessed the proportion of participants achieving minimal detectable changes (MDC) in peak oxygen consumption (V̇O2peak) following HIIT and M-VICT. Participants were randomized into HIIT or M-VICT after completing two baseline CPETs: one with cardiac stress technologists (CPETdiag) and the other with a research team of exercise specialists (CPETresearch). Additional CPET was completed following 12 weeks of twice-weekly training. Reliability of CPETdiag and CPETresearch was assessed by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and dependent t-tests. The MDC score was calculated for V̇O2peak using a reliable change index. The proportion of participants achieving MDC was compared between HIIT and M-VICT using chi-square analysis. Eighteen participants (69±7 years, 33% females) completed two baseline CPETs. ICC was significant for all measured variables. However, peak power output (POpeak: 124±40 vs. 148±40 watts, p
The Relationship between Nutritional Status and Thyroid Function among Adults in the USA: NHANES 2007-2012
(Canadian Science Publishing, 2024-08-29) Liu, Junru; Lu, Xiaofeng; Wang, Xiaohui; Song, Jialu; Zhu, Xiaotao; Tong, Huijing; Xu, Chaoyang; Qian, Jinfang; Zheng, Xiaogang; Wang, Mingzheng
Controlled Nutritional Status (CONUT) scores have been developed as quantitative tools that can be employed to gauge the nutritional status of individual patients. However, there has been very little research investigating the association between these CONUT scores and the function of the thyroid. As such, the present study was designed to address this research gap through the evaluation of a representative cohort of American adults. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data were herein used to separate subjects into those with normal nutritional status (CONUT score: 0-1) from those who were malnourished (CONUT scores > 1). Associations between these CONUT scores and the function of the thyroid were investigated through linear regression modeling, employing weighted analytical strategies and subgroup analyses. Overall, 8,082 individuals from the NHANES 2007-2012 cohort were enrolled in this analysis. These individuals exhibited a weighted mean CONUT score of 0.72 (0.02). 6661 (weighted proportion: 83.12%) in the normal nutritional status group and 1421 (16.88%) in the malnourished group. In adjusted analyses, subjects who were malnourished were found to present with an increase in FT4 levels (β = 0.033; p
Investigating the relationship between emotions and physical literacy in a quality physical education context.
(Canadian Science Publishing, 2024-08-12) Woolley, Adam; Houser, Natalie; Kriellaars, Dean
Affective experiences have been shown to influence attitudes and future behaviors related to physical activity, but no studies have related these experiences to physical literacy or examined affective experiences in quality physical education (QPE). The aim of this study was to describe emotions experienced in a QPE context and relate those emotions to students’ physical literacy and self-esteem. A cross-sectional study of 145 4th and 5th grade students were surveyed after a PE class on their emotional experiences, physical literacy (self-description and movement valuation) and self-esteem. In this QPE context, 73% of students reported only positive emotions, 26% mixed positive and negative emotions and 1% expressed only negative emotions. Pride and enjoyment were strongly co-occurring (89%). Among students expressing mixed emotions, 90% still yielded positive aggregate emotional experiences. Positive emotions have significant (p
Translational approach to establish the cardiometabolic health effects and mechanisms of action of fish nutrients–it takes a village.
(Canadian Science Publishing, 2024-06-20) Mitchell, Patricia L; Pilon, Geneviève; Bazinet, Laurent; Gagnon, Claudia; Weisnagel, S. John; Jacques, Helene; Vohl, Marie-Claude; Marette, Andre
People use dietary supplements to offset nutritional deficiencies and manage metabolic dysfunction. While the beneficial effect of fish proteins on glucose homeostasis is well established, the ability of fish peptides to replicate the protein findings is less clear. With financial support from a programmatic Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) team grant, we aimed to identify salmon peptide fractions (SPF) with the potential to mitigate metabolic dysfunction. Additionally the grant aims included assessing whether vitamin D, a nutrient commonly found in salmon could potentiate the beneficial effects of salmon peptides. In parallel, technologies were developed to separate and filter the isolated peptides. We employed an integrative approach that combined nutritional interventions in animal models and human subjects to identify metabolic pathways regulated by salmon peptides and other fish nutrients. This combination of interdisciplinary expertise revealed that a SPF could be a therapeutic tool used in the prevention and management of cardiometabolic diseases. Herein, we present a perspective of our CIHR funded grant that utilized a translational approach to establish the cardiometabolic health effects and mechanisms of action of fish nutrients: from animal models to clinical trials.
Development, validity and reliability assessment of the Canadian Food Literacy Measure
(Canadian Science Publishing, 2024-05-27) Martin, Alicia; Wallace, Angela; Jacob, Raphaëlle; Any, Marciane; Laila , Amar; Hernandez, Kimberley; Perreault, Maude; Hutchinson, Joy M.; Sadowski, Adam; Saher, Amina; Dorais, Veronique; Kirkpatrick, Sharon I.; Haines, Jess
Food literacy is a growing area of interest given its potential to support healthy and sustainable diets. Most existing food literacy measures focus on nutrition and food skills but fail to address food systems and socio-environmental aspects of food literacy. Further, measures developed and tested in the Canadian context are lacking. The objective of this project was to develop and test the validity and reliability of a brief self-administered measure, in French and English, designed to assess multiple dimensions of food literacy among adults living in Canada. The 23-item Canadian Food Literacy Measure was developed through an iterative process that included assessment of face and content validity through expert review (n=20) and cognitive interviews (n=20), and construct validity and reliability, i.e., internal consistency through an online survey (n=154). The results indicate that the measure is well understood by both English- and French-speaking adults. The measure’s construct validity is demonstrated by the observed differences in total scores in hypothesized directions by gender (p=0.003), age (p=0.007), education level (p=0.002), health literacy (p
Hemodynamics and cerebral oxygenation during acute exercise in moderate normobaric hypoxia and with concurrent cognitive task in young healthy males
(Canadian Science Publishing, 2024-05-07) Doneddu, Azzurra; Roberto, Silvana; Guicciardi, Marco; Pazzona, Riccardo; Manca, Andrea; Monni, Alessandra; Fanni, Massimo; Leban, Bruno; Ghiani, Giovanna; Spranger, Marty; Mulliri, Gabriele; Crisafulli, Antonio
The present investigation aimed to study the cardiovascular responses and the cerebral oxygenation (Cox) during exercise in acute hypoxia (AH) and with contemporary mental stress. Fifteen physically active, healthy males (age 29.0 ± 5.9 years) completed a cardiopulmonary test on a cycle ergometer to determine the workload at their gas exchange threshold (GET). On a separate day, participants performed two randomly assigned exercise tests pedalling for six minutes at a workload corresponding to 80% of the GET: 1) during normoxia (NORMO), and 2) during acute, normobaric hypoxia at 13.5% inspired oxygen (HYPO). During the last three minutes of the exercise, they also performed a mental task (MT). Hemodynamics were assessed with impedance cardiography, and peripheral arterial oxygen saturation and Cox were continuously measured by near infrared spectroscopy. The main results were that both in NORMO and HYPO conditions, the MT caused a significant increase in the heart rate and ventricular filling rate. Moreover, MT significantly reduced (74.8 ± 5.5 vs. 62.0 ± 5.2 A.U.) COX while the Reaction Time (RT) increased (813.3 ± 110.2 vs. 868.2 ± 118.1 ms ) during the HYPO test without affecting the correctness of the answers. We conclude that in young, healthy males, adding a mental task during mild intensity exercise in both normoxia and acute moderate (normobaric) hypoxia induces a similar hemodynamic response. However, mental task and exercise in HYPO causes a decrease in COX and an impairment in RT.
Sex-based differences in hematological values after normalization to body mass or fat-free mass in adults matched for aerobic fitness
(Canadian Science Publishing, 2024-06-26) Kontro, Hilkka; Caswell, Allison M; Tripp, Thomas R; Ajayi, Oluwatimilehin O; MacInnis, Martin J.
Blood properties influence aerobic exercise performance. While vascular volumes and hemoglobin mass (Hbmass) are elevated in trained individuals, evidence of sex differences in vascular volumes is equivocal due to inadequate matching of aerobic fitness between males and females. This cross-sectional study aimed to compare hematological values normalized to body mass (BM) and fat-free mass (FFM) between males (n=45) and females (n=34) matched for aerobic fitness (V̇O2max) normalized to FFM (mL∙kg FFM-1∙min-1). Data included body composition measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), V̇O2max from an incremental test, and hematological values derived from a CO rebreathe test. Fat mass was unrelated to blood volume (BV; R2 = 0.02, p=0.26) and Hbmass (R2=0.03, p=0.16), while FFM was the strongest predictor of both (R2=0.75 and R2=0.83, respectively, P
It’s about the long game, not epic workouts: Unpacking HIIT for endurance athletes
(Canadian Science Publishing, 2024-06-25) Seiler, Kerry Stephen
HIIT prescriptions manipulate intensity, duration, and recovery variables in multiple combinations. Researchers often compare different HIIT variable combinations and treat HIIT prescription as a “maximization problem,” seeking to identify the prescription(s) that induce the largest acute VO2/HR/RPE response. However, studies connecting the magnitude of specific acute HIIT response variables like work time >90% of VO2max and resulting cellular signalling and/or translation to protein upregulation and performance enhancement are lacking. This is also not how successful endurance athletes train. First, HIIT training cannot be seen in isolation. Successful endurance athletes perform most of their training volume below the first lactate turn point (
Impact of a simulated multiday heatwave on nocturnal physiology, behavior, and sleep: A 10-day confinement study
(Canadian Science Publishing, 2024-06-13) Ioannou, Leonidas G.; Tsoutsoubi, Lydia; Mantzios, Konstantinos; Ciuha, Ursa; Kenny, Glen P.; Nybo, Lars; Flouris, Andreas; Mekjavic, Igor B
This study investigated the impact of a multiday heatwave on nocturnal physiology, behavior, and sleep under controlled conditions with comprehensive monitoring of environmental factors and participant activities. Seven young healthy males were confined for ten days in controlled conditions that ranged between hot-to-warm (day:35.4°C, night:26.3°C) during nights 4-6 and temperate (day:25.4°C, night:22.3°C) before (nights 1-3) and after (nights 7-10) the heatwave. Measurements included core and skin temperatures, heart rate, sympathovagal balance, vasomotion indicators, urine samples, blanket coverage, subjective sleep assessments, and partial polysomnography. The average nocturnal core temperature was 0.2°C higher during and after the heatwave compared to the pre-heatwave period, with this difference being more pronounced (+0.3°C) in the first two hours of sleep (p
Overcoming Barriers in Eating Disorder Care: Advances, Gaps, and Recommendations for Equitable Assessment and Treatment
(Canadian Science Publishing, 2024-06-20) Mittertreiner, Em Jun Eng; Couturier, Jennifer; Simone, Melissa; Small, Charlynn; Courtney-Martin, Glenda; Moisey , Lesley; Panahi, Shirin; Lacroix, Emilie
This paper provides an overview of topics discussed by clinicians and researchers invited to speak at the Canadian Nutrition Society’s Thematic Conference 2023, which was centered on advances in research and practice in the assessment and treatment of disordered eating and eating disorders. Presenters emphasized the importance of understanding how systemic factors such as racism, weight stigma, and COVID-19 affect the assessment and treatment of eating disorders, and proposed strategies for addressing these inequities. In this paper, we provide actionable recommendations for clinicians working with individuals with eating disorders; professional development, cultural competence, and equitable assessment and treatment practices are discussed.

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