In vitro evaluation of Malaysian natural coral porites bone graft substitutes (CORAGRAF) for bone tissue engineering: A preliminary study
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Piracicaba Dental School - UNICAMP
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Aim: An approach for three-dimensional (3D) bone tissue generation from
bone marrow mesenchymal adult stem cells (BMSC-AS) was investigated.
Methods: The BMSC-AS cells were induced to differentiate into
osteogenic precursors, capable of proliferating, and subsequently
differentiating into bone-forming cells. The differentiated cells were
seeded on the surface of coral discs with a mean diameter 10 (±2)
mm and a mean thickness 1 (±0.5) mm. The seeded scaffolds were
characterized using von Kossa and Alizarin Red staining, electron and
confocal microscopy and RT-PCR analysis. Results: The results
demonstrated that BMSC-AS derived bone-forming cells attached to and
colonized into coral scaffolds. Furthermore, these cells produced bone
nodules when grown for 3-4 weeks in mineralization medium containing
ascorbic acid and beta-glycerophosphate both in tissue culture plates
and in scaffolds. The differentiated cells also expressed osteospecific
markers when grown both in the culture plates and in 3D scaffolds.
Osteogenic cells expressed alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, and
osteopontin, but not a BMSC-AS cell-specific marker, oct-4. Conclusion:
These findings suggest that Malaysian Natural coral Porites bone graft
substitutes (CORAGRAF) with BMSC-AS cells can be used for in vitro
tissue engineering to cultivation of graftable skeletal structures.
Keywords
bone tissue engineering, 3 D scaffolds, CORAGRAF, coral reef, In vitro
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