A FRAMEWORK FOR MULTI-PLATFORM ANALYTICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL SIMULATIONS OF REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES

Abstract

This study presents a framework for multi-platform analysis and hybrid (experimental-analytical) simulation of reinforced concrete structures. In this approach, each potentially critical member, based on its mechanical characteristics, is modelled using the most suitable finite element analysis tool or is represented with a test specimen, while the rest of the structure is modelled with computationally fast global analysis software. The interaction between substructure modules is fully considered by satisfying compatibility and equilibrium requirements. The framework is based on object-oriented methodology and uses a standardized data exchange format, facilitating addition of new analysis tools or test equipment. The effectiveness of the framework is evaluated by several verification examples including analysis of structures repaired with fibre-reinforced polymer sheets. The multi-platform analysis computes the behaviour of structures with a level of accuracy that was previously difficult to achieve with most single-platform analysis software. In addition, a new interface element, named F2M, is introduced to connect layered beam elements to membrane elements. Compared to existing methods, the F2M element provides more realistic stress distributions and allows for transverse expansion at the connection section between substructures. The accuracy of the proposed element is verified through mixed-dimensional modelling of a series of beam specimens presented in the literature. A small-scale experimental program was conducted using a six degree-of-freedom hydraulic testing equipment to verify the hybrid simulation framework and provide additional data for small-scale testing of shear-critical reinforced concrete frames. The physical models were 1/3.23-scale representations of a beam and two columns. A multi-platform modelling technique was employed to analyze the remainder of the frames. The hybrid simulation results were compared against those obtained from a similar large-scale test and finite element analyses. The study found that, with proper precautions, small-scale hybrid testing can sufficiently well simulate the behaviour of shear-critical frames. However, to draw general conclusions, additional test data are required.