Effect of Ethanol Leaf Extract of Newboulda laevis on Blood Glucose Levels of Diabetic Rats
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Pharmacotherapy Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria
Abstract
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Purpose: To investigate anti-diabetic effect of the ethanol leaf
extract of Newboulda laevis (P. Beauv) in alloxan-induced diabetic
rats. Methods: Alloxan (150 mg/kg) was administered to wistar albino
rats via the intraperitoneal route. The diabetic rats were then placed
in 5 groups, following stabilization of hyperglycemia. The first group
was untreated, the next three groups received, each day, 100, 200 and
400 mg/kg body weight of the ethanol extract Newbouldia laevis and the
fifth group received a reference standard, glibenclamide (5 mg/kg).
Treatment was via the oral route for 14 days and fasting blood sugar
level was monitored over this period. Acute toxicity (oral and
intraperitoneal) studies on the extract was carried out, as well as
phytochemical screening of the extract. Results: All doses of the
extract (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) significantly (p < 0.05, p <
0.0001, p <0.05, respectively) lowered fasting blood glucose level,
notably at the 4th , 8th and 14th day. Glibenclamide (5 mg /kg) also
significantly lowered fasting blood glucose (p < 0.0001). The
results on acute toxicity revealed that for the oral and
intraperitoneal route, mortality was at 8 and 1 g/kg, respectively
while LD50 was 6 g/kg, indicating the high safety status of the plant.
Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of saponins, tannins,
alkaloids and flavonoids. Conclusion: This study supports the use of
Newboulda laevis in traditional medicine as well as highlights the need
to further explore the potentials of the plant extract as a
antihyperglycemic agent.
Keywords
Blood
glucose, Hypoglycemia, Antidiabetic, Newbouldia laevis, Diabetes mellitus
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